Keywords
the sight of blood
injections
students
How to Cite
Abstract
Background. Syncope at the sight of blood, injections and instrumentations belong to the group of vasovagal syncope. Objectives. The goal of the study was an evaluation of frequency occurrence of those syncope in the population of medicine students of both full-time and extramural studies. Material and methods. The group of respondents consisted of 815 students, including 745 of full-time and 70 of extramural studies who consented to voluntary and anonymous filling in a survey form. Results. The syncope at the sight of blood, injections and instrumentations occurred among about 11% of students; due to different emotional stress in 6% whereas fainting at the sight of blood, injections, instrumentations and due to other stressful incidents among about 17% of the respondents. In some people syncope and fainting occurred simultaneously. In total – one of the incidents: syncope or presyncope at the sight of blood, injections, instrumentations or due to other stressful situation was given by 23% of the respondents. Conclusions. 1. Syncope at the sight of blood, injections, instrumentations occur among a relatively large percentage of medicine students. 2. Currently occurrence of syncope is more seldom treated as contraindication against taking up medical studies in comparison with the past.References
Moya A, Sutton R, Ammirati F, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009): the task force for the diagnosis and management of syncope of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2009 Nov; 30(21): 2631–2671.
Benditt DG, Blanc J-J, Brignole M, Sutton R. The evaluation and treatment of syncope. A handbook for clinical practice (European Society of Cardiology). Futura: Blackwell Publishing; 2003.
Serletis A, Rose S, Sheldon AG, Sheldon RS. Vasovagal syncope in medical students and their first-degree relatives. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 1965–1970.
Ganzeboom KS, Mairuhu G, Reitsma JB, et al. Lifetime cumulative incidence of syncope in the general population: a study of 549 Dutch subjects aged 35–60 years. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2006; 17: 1172–1176.
Chen LY, Shen WK, Mahoney DW, et al. Prevalence of syncope in a population aged more than 45 years. Am J Med 2006; 119: 1088.e1-e7.
Colman N, Nahm K, Ganzeboom KS, et al. Epidemiology of reflex syncope. Clin Auton Res 2004; 14(Suppl. 1): 9–17.
Thyer BA, Himle J, Curtis GC. Blood-injury-illness phobia: a review. J Clin Psychol 1985; 41: 451–459.
Engel GL. Psychologic stress, vasodepressor (vasovagal) syncope, and sudden death. Ann Intern Med 1978; 89: 403–412. Występowanie omdleń na widok krwi, przy iniekcjach i instrumentacjach... Joanna Rosińczuk-Tonderys, Rafał Czyż i wsp. Dr hab. n. med. Dorota Zyśko Zakład Ratownictwa Medycznego Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Akademia Medyczna we Wrocławiu ul. Bartla 5 51-618 Wrocław Tel.: 600 125-283
Shen BJ, Avivi YE, Todaro JF, et al. Anxiety characteristics independently and prospectively predict myocardial infarction in men the unique contribution of anxiety among psychologic factors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 51: 113–119.
Zyśko D. Czy omdlenia wazowagalne w przebiegu stresu emocjonalnego są czynnikiem ryzyka incydentów sercowo-naczyniowych? Folia Cardiol Exc 2011; 6 (Suppl. A).
Sheldon RS, Amuah JE, Connolly SJ, et al. Investigators of the Prevention of Syncope Study. Design and use of a quantitative scale for measuring presyncope. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2009; 20: 888–893.
Zyśko D. Activation of the autonomic nervous system during neurocardiogenic reaction in patients with vasovagal syncope. Rozprawy Habilitacyjne. Wrocław: Akademia Medyczna; 15/2010.
Zyśko D, Gajek J, Terpiłowski L, et al. Effects of the menstrual cycle phases on the tilt testing results in vasovagal patients. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012 Apr 11 [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 22491807.
Rudnicki J, Zyśko D, Gajek J, et al. The risk for syncope and presyncope during surgery in surgeons and nurses. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2011 Nov; 34(11): 1486–1491.
Ganzeboom KS, Colman N, Reitsma JB, et al. Prevalence and triggers of syncope in medical students. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91: 1006–1008.
Depla MF, ten Have ML, van Balkom AJ, et al. Specific fears and phobias in the general population: results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2008; 43: 200–208.
Soteriades ES, Evans JC, Larson MG, et al. Incidence and prognosis of syncope. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 878–885.
Zyśko D, Gajek J, Koźluk E, et al. Clinical relevance of syncope and presyncope induced by tilt testing. Acta Cardiol 2009; 64: 461–465.
20. Zyśko D, Gajek J, Agrawal AK, Rudnicki J. The relevance of junctional rhythm during neurocardiogenic reaction provoked by tilt testing. Kardiol Pol 2012; 70(2): 148–155.
21. Gajek J, Zyśko D, Agrawal AK, Rudnicki J. Patients with atrioventricular block during tilt test-induced vasovagal syncope. Adv Clin Exp Med 2011; 20: 305–312.
22. Zyśko D, Gajek J, Kozluk E, et al. The clinical relevance of the duration of loss of consciousness provoked by tilt testing. Acta Cardiol 2010; 65: 203–209. Występowanie omdleń na widok krwi, przy iniekcjach i instrumentacjach... Joanna Rosińczuk-Tonderys, Rafał Czyż i wsp.